עַל שִׁשָּׁה חֳדָשִׁים הַשְּׁלוּחִין יוֹצְאִין, עַל נִיסָן מִפְּנֵי הַפֶּסַח, עַל אָב מִפְּנֵי הַתַּעֲנִית, עַל אֱלוּל מִפְּנֵי רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה, עַל תִּשְׁרֵי מִפְּנֵי תַקָּנַת הַמּוֹעֲדוֹת, עַל כִּסְלֵו מִפְּנֵי חֲנֻכָּה, וְעַל אֲדָר מִפְּנֵי הַפּוּרִים. וּכְשֶׁהָיָה בֵית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ קַיָּם, יוֹצְאִין אַף עַל אִיָּר מִפְּנֵי פֶסַח קָטָן:
Por seis meses, mensageiros saem. [Quando beth-din santificou a Lua Nova, eles enviaram (mensageiros) para informar o exílio em que dia haviam santificado, seja o trigésimo, para que o mês passado estivesse com defeito; ou a trigésima primeira, para que o mês passado estivesse cheio. (E os mensageiros de beth-din podem profanar nem Shabbath nem yom tov.)]: Para a Nissan, pois afeta (a data de) Pessach; para Av, pois afeta o jejum (do nono de Av) [mais aflições nos ocorreram do que nas datas dos outros jejuns.]; para Elul, pois afeta Rosh Hashaná [Eles nos informam quando é Elul, e Rosh Hashaná é observado no trigésimo de Elul no exílio. Na maioria dos anos, Elul não é intercalado. E mesmo que haja a possibilidade de beth-din intercalá-lo, eles (os que estão no exílio) não têm como saber disso, de modo que, forçosamente, devem seguir a maior parte dos anos. E se eles não soubessem quando Elul começou, não saberiam seu trigésimo dia.]; para Tishrei, pois afeta a instituição adequada dos festivais. [Os mensageiros saem no dia seguinte a beth-din santificando Tishrei, e vão o máximo que podem até o festival, avaliando se beth-din havia intercalado Elul ou não, para que não ficassem apreensivos com Yom Kipur e Sucote (como se eles estão observando-os em seu devido tempo)]; para Kislev, pois afeta Channukah; e para Adar, pois afeta Purim. E quando o Templo permanecesse, eles também partiriam para Iyyar, pois afeta "o menor Pesach" [Pesach Sheni].
Shaarei Teshuvah
And the fifteenth principle is prayer: A man should pray to God and request mercy to atone for all of his iniquities, as it is stated (Hosea 14:3), "Take words with you and return to the Lord; say to Him. 'Forgive all guilt and accept the good; and we will pay with the bulls of our lips'" - this is the matter of confession. "Say to Him. 'Forgive all guilt and accept what is good'" - this is the matter of prayer. And its explanation is, "accept the good" - the good actions that we did. For they, may their memory be blessed, said (Sotah 21a), "Sin extinguishes [the merit of] a commandment." But at the time of repentance, the iniquities will be atoned; so the merit of the commandment will arise, and its merit will shine. For before repentance, its light did not shine forth. And so it is written (Job 8:6), "If you are blameless and upright, He will now awaken [your merit] for you and grant well-being to your righteous home." And our Rabbis, may their memory be blessed said (Yerushalmi Rosh Hashanah 1:3), "It does not say, 'If you were blameless and upright,' but rather 'If you are blameless and upright' - since you have repented." "He will now awaken [your merit] for you" - now after the repentance that you have done, "He will now awaken" all of the righteousness that you had done before, and that which your home was wide open and you 'planted a tamarisk' for lodging, as it is written (Job 31:32), "I opened my doors to the road." But before your repentance, your righteousness did not protect you. However, after your repentance and [when] your iniquity was removed, "He will awaken [your merit] for you and grant well-being to your righteous home." "And we will pay with the bulls of our lips" - our confession will be considered like the bulls of sin-offerings, for our acceptance in front of You. And it mentions bulls, because the bull sin-offering was inside [the chamber] and they would sprinkle from its blood on the curtain and on the golden (incense) altar.
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